安装 clash

  1. 下载对应的 clash 版本

    下载地址：https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash/releases
  2. 解压 clash
  3. 将解压出的文件重命名成 clash
  4. 将 clash 移动到 /usr/bin/ 目录下

  5. 赋予 clash 可执行权限

    sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/clash

  6. 检查 clash 是否安装成功

    clash -v
    返回以下内容说明安装成功：
    Clash v1.2.0 linux amd64 Thu Oct  8 16:08:30 UTC 2020

修改配置

默认配置目录是 $HOME/.config/clash

配置文件的名称是 config.yml

如果要使用其他目录，可以使用 -d 控制配置目录:

clash -d /path/to/config
如果使用机场的话，一般都会提供 config.yml 文件的

config.yml 配置示例

# port of HTTP
port: 7890

# port of SOCKS5
socks-port: 7891

# redir port for Linux and macOS
# redir-port: 7892

allow-lan: false

# Rule / Global/ Direct (default is Rule)
mode: Rule

# set log level to stdout (default is info)
# info / warning / error / debug / silent
log-level: info

# A RESTful API for clash
external-controller: 127.0.0.1:9090

# you can put the static web resource (such as clash-dashboard) to a directory, and clash would serve in `${API}/ui`
# input is a relative path to the configuration directory or an absolute path
# external-ui: folder

# Secret for RESTful API (Optional)
# secret: ""

# dns:
  # enable: true # set true to enable dns (default is false)
  # ipv6: false # default is false
  # listen: 0.0.0.0:53
  # enhanced-mode: redir-host
  # nameserver:
  #   - 114.114.114.114
  #   - tls://dns.rubyfish.cn:853 # dns over tls
  # fallback: # concurrent request with nameserver, fallback used when GEOIP country isn't CN
  #   - tcp://1.1.1.1

Proxy:

# shadowsocks
# The types of cipher are consistent with go-shadowsocks2
# support AEAD_AES_128_GCM AEAD_AES_192_GCM AEAD_AES_256_GCM AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305 AES-128-CTR AES-192-CTR AES-256-CTR AES-128-CFB AES-192-CFB AES-256-CFB CHACHA20-IETF XCHACHA20
# In addition to what go-shadowsocks2 supports, it also supports chacha20 rc4-md5 xchacha20-ietf-poly1305
- { name: "ss1", type: ss, server: server, port: 443, cipher: AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305, password: "password" }

# old obfs configuration remove after prerelease
- name: "ss2"
  type: ss
  server: server
  port: 443
  cipher: AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305
  password: "password"
  plugin: obfs
  plugin-opts:
    mode: tls # or http
    # host: bing.com

- name: "ss3"
  type: ss
  server: server
  port: 443
  cipher: AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305
  password: "password"
  plugin: v2ray-plugin
  plugin-opts:
    mode: websocket # no QUIC now
    # tls: true # wss
    # skip-cert-verify: true
    # host: bing.com
    # path: "/"
    # headers:
    #   custom: value

# vmess
# cipher support auto/aes-128-gcm/chacha20-poly1305/none
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto }
# with tls
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, tls: true }
# with tls and skip-cert-verify
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, tls: true, skip-cert-verify: true }
# with ws-path and ws-headers
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, network: ws, ws-path: /path, ws-headers: { Host: v2ray.com } }
# with ws + tls
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, network: ws, ws-path: /path, tls: true }

# socks5
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443 }
# socks5 with authentication
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443, username: "username", password: "password" }
# with tls
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443, tls: true }
# with tls and skip-cert-verify
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443, tls: true, skip-cert-verify: true }

# http
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443 }
# http with authentication
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443, username: "username", password: "password" }
# with tls (https)
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443, tls: true }
# with tls (https) and skip-cert-verify
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443, tls: true, skip-cert-verify: true }

Proxy Group:
# url-test select which proxy will be used by benchmarking speed to a URL.
- { name: "auto", type: url-test, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1"], url: "http://www.gstatic.com/generate_204", interval: 300 }

# fallback select an available policy by priority. The availability is tested by accessing an URL, just like an auto url-test group.
- { name: "fallback-auto", type: fallback, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1"], url: "http://www.gstatic.com/generate_204", interval: 300 }

# load-balance: The request of the same eTLD will be dial on the same proxy.
- { name: "load-balance", type: load-balance, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1"], url: "http://www.gstatic.com/generate_204", interval: 300 }

# select is used for selecting proxy or proxy group
# you can use RESTful API to switch proxy, is recommended for use in GUI.
- { name: "Proxy", type: select, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1", "auto"] }

Rule:
- DOMAIN-SUFFIX,google.com,auto
- DOMAIN-KEYWORD,google,auto
- DOMAIN,google.com,auto
- DOMAIN-SUFFIX,ad.com,REJECT
- IP-CIDR,127.0.0.0/8,DIRECT
- SOURCE-IP-CIDR,192.168.1.201/32,DIRECT
- GEOIP,CN,DIRECT
# FINAL would remove after prerelease
# you also can use `FINAL,Proxy` or `FINAL,,Proxy` now
- MATCH,auto

systemd 服务脚本

在 /lib/systemd/system/ 目录下创建 clash@.service 文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/clash@.service

写入以下内容并保存:

[Unit]
Description=A rule based proxy in Go for %i.
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=%i
Restart=on-abort
CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE # important
AmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE # important
ExecStart=/usr/bin/clash

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重新加载 systemd 模块

systemctl daemon-reload

启动 clash 服务

systemctl start clash@user

user 表示的是当前用户名，例如：

systemctl start clash@richard

设置开机自启

systemctl enable clash@user

配置 dashboard

首先下载 dashboard 的文件:

使用的是 yacd 这个 dashboard : https://github.com/haishanh/yacd
cd ~/.config/clashwget https://github.com/haishanh/yacd/archive/gh-pages.zipunzip gh-pages.zipmv yacd-gh-pages/ dashboard/

然后配置 config.yaml ，添加以下代码:

# api 端口external-controller: 0.0.0.0:9090# 密钥secret: ""external-ui: dashboard

接着重启 clash ，既可以在浏览器里面访问http://serverip:9090/ui/来对 clash 进行配置了。

透明代理

放上一份简单的配置，亲测可用:

# fake dnssudo iptables -t nat -N clash_fakednssudo iptables -t nat -A clash_fakedns -p udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.50.3:5353sudo iptables -t nat -A clash_fakedns -p tcp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.50.3:5353sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp -d 192.168.50.0/24 -j clash_fakednssudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d 192.168.50.0/24 -j clash_fakednssudo iptables -t nat -N Clashsudo iptables -t nat -A Clash -d 192.168.50.0/16 -j RETURNsudo iptables -t nat -A Clash -p tcp -j REDIRECT --to-ports 7892sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -j Clash

其中 192.168.50.0 需要改成自己的网段；

第三条的端口需要设置成和 clash 中配置的 redir-port 一样；

如果 clash 配置中开启了 fake-ip 且 fake-dns 地址为默认的 53 端口，则上述 fake dns 部分不用

这里使用 iptables 实现透明代理，下面放上一份来自这里的配置:

添加标记路由

ip rule add fwmark 0x1 table 100ip route add local 0.0.0.0/0 dev lo table 100

UDP重路由

iptables -t mangle -N P_MARK  #新建表iptables -t mangle -A P_MARK -d 127.0.0.1 -j RETURNiptables -t mangle -A P_MARK -d 192.168.0.0/16 -j RETURN   #放行局域网数据iptables -t mangle -A P_MARK -d 255.255.255.255 -j RETURN   #放行广播数据包iptables -t mangle -A P_MARK -m owner --uid-owner clash -j RETURN   #放行clash发出的数据iptables -t mangle -A P_MARK -p udp -j MARK --set-mark 0x1    #标记并重路由

TCP转发

iptables -t nat -N TCP_REDIRiptables -t nat -A TCP_REDIR -d 127.0.0.1/8 -j RETURNiptables -t nat -A TCP_REDIR -d 192.168.0.0/16 -j RETURNiptables -t nat -A TCP_REDIR -p tcp -j REDIRECT --to-ports 7892   #转发TCP到指定端口

UDP转发

iptables -t mangle -N UDP_REDIRiptables -t mangle -A UDP_REDIR -d 127.0.0.1 -j RETURNiptables -t mangle -A UDP_REDIR -d 192.168.0.0/16 -j RETURN iptables -t mangle -A UDP_REDIR -d 255.255.255.255 -j RETURNiptables -t mangle -A UDP_REDIR -p udp -j TPROXY --on-port 7892 --tproxy-mark 0x1/0x1   #按标记路由转发UDP到指定端口

应用规则

iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j UDP_REDIR   #转发来自其它设备的UDP包iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -j P_MARK          #重路由本机发出的UDP包iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -j TCP_REDIR      #转发来自其它设备的TCP包iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -m owner ! --uid-owner clash -j TCP_REDIR  #转发本机非clash的流量

如果不想要这些规则重启后就消失，可以使用一些辅助工具来持久化:

注意，持久化之前一定要保证你的防火墙设置正确了，不然重置会很麻烦
sudo apt install iptables-persistent netfilter-persistentsudo netfilter-persistent savesudo netfilter-persistent reload

Reference

https://blog.newhanly.com/2020/04/28/clash/

https://breakertt.moe/2019/08/20/clash_gateway/

https://matters.news/@outloudvi/systemd-slice-iptables-redir-%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%9C%A8-arch-linux-%E4%B8%8A%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E9%80%8F%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3%E7%90%86-bafyreia56osrovpylifeiuzdcrxr52gmbo5rkn5zmlvlho5tr7mjejqshy

https://0x01.io/2020/02/16/x86-%E8%BD%AF%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E9%80%8F%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3%E7%90%86%E6%9E%84%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88v2020-02/

https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash/issues/555

https://lala.im/5727.html

https://bleepcoder.com/cn/clash/443041625/fake-ip-mo-shi-zuo-wei-wang-guan-dai-li-de-ji-ge-wen-ti

最后修改：2024 年 01 月 29 日
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